SQL : PostgreSQL

  Aggregate Functions Like most other relational database products,  PostgreSQL  supports  aggregate functions . An aggregate function computes a single result from multiple input rows. For example, there are aggregates to compute the  count ,  sum ,  avg  (average),  max  (maximum) and  min  (minimum) over a set of rows. As an example, we can find the highest low-temperature reading anywhere with: SELECT max(temp_lo) FROM weather; max ----- 46 (1 row) If we wanted to know what city (or cities) that reading occurred in, we might try: SELECT city FROM weather WHERE temp_lo = max(temp_lo); WRONG but this will not work since the aggregate  max  cannot be used in the  WHERE  clause. (This restriction exists because the  WHERE  clause determines which rows will be included in the aggregate calculation; so obviously it has to be evaluated before aggregate functions are computed.) However, as is o...
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Ask Questions to Make Data-Driven Decisions

 Ask Questions to Make Data-Driven Decisions

  1. Asking effective questions: To do the job of a data analyst, you need to ask questions and problem-solve. In this part of the course, you’ll check out some common analysis problems and how analysts solve them. You’ll also learn about effective questioning techniques that can help guide your analysis.

  2. Making data-driven decisions: In analytics, data drives decision making. In this part of the course, you’ll explore data of all kinds and its impact on decision making. You’ll also learn how to share your data through reports and dashboards.

  3. Mastering spreadsheet basics: Spreadsheets are an important data analytics tool. In this part of the course, you’ll learn both why and how data analysts use spreadsheets in their work. You’ll also explore how structured thinking can help analysts better understand problems and come up with solutions. 

  4. Always remembering the stakeholder: Successful data analysts learn to balance needs and expectations. In this part of the course, you’ll learn strategies for managing the expectations of stakeholders while establishing clear communication with your team to achieve your objectives.  

  5. Completing the Course Challenge: At the end of this course, you will be able to put everything you have learned into practice with the Course Challenge. The Course Challenge will ask you questions about key principles you have been learning about and then give you an opportunity to apply those principles in three scenarios.

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SQL : PostgreSQL

  Aggregate Functions Like most other relational database products,  PostgreSQL  supports  aggregate functions . An aggregate function computes a single result from multiple input rows. For example, there are aggregates to compute the  count ,  sum ,  avg  (average),  max  (maximum) and  min  (minimum) over a set of rows. As an example, we can find the highest low-temperature reading anywhere with: SELECT max(temp_lo) FROM weather; max ----- 46 (1 row) If we wanted to know what city (or cities) that reading occurred in, we might try: SELECT city FROM weather WHERE temp_lo = max(temp_lo); WRONG but this will not work since the aggregate  max  cannot be used in the  WHERE  clause. (This restriction exists because the  WHERE  clause determines which rows will be included in the aggregate calculation; so obviously it has to be evaluated before aggregate functions are computed.) However, as is o...
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Using BigQuery / MySQL / other SQL

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  https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/#product-overview https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs Using BigQuery BigQuery is a data warehouse on Google Cloud that data analysts can use to query, filter large datasets, aggregate results, and perform complex operations. An upcoming activity is performed in BigQuery. This reading provides instructions to create your own BigQuery account, select public datasets, and upload CSV files. At the end of this reading, you can confirm your access to the BigQuery console before you move on to the activity, Note: Additional getting started resources for a few other SQL database platforms are also provided at the end of this reading if you choose to work with them instead of BigQuery. Types of BigQuery accounts There are two different types of accounts: sandbox and free trial. A sandbox account allows you to practice queries and explore public datasets for free, but has additional restrictions on top of the standard quotas and lim...
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The R-versus-Python debate

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  The R-versus-Python debate People often wonder which programming language they should learn first. You might be wondering about this, too. This certificate teaches the open-source programming language, R. R is a great starting point for foundational data analysis, and it has helpful packages that beginners can apply to projects. Python isn’t covered in the curriculum, but we encourage you to explore Python after completing the certificate. If you are curious about other programming languages, make every effort to continue learning. Any language a beginner starts to learn will have some advantages and challenges. Let’s put this into context by looking at R and Python. The following table is a high-level overview based on a sampling of articles and opinions of those in the field. You can review the information without necessarily picking a side in the R vs. Python debate. In fact, if you check out RStudio’s blog article in the Additional resources section, it’s actually more about ...
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